Varicose veins are a specific disease of the vessels of the venous department, accompanied by improper valve operation and impaired blood outflow.From the Latin “varicose” can be translated as “bloating”, which fully corresponds to the visual picture of the disease.Operation for varicose veins of the lower extremities is the most common and effective treatment method.
When conservative treatment does not help
Treatment of varicose veins provides for several options.In the initial stages, conservative therapy is prescribed, but sometimes even in this period they can prescribe an operation.
The reasons for surgical intervention are as follows:
- Physiological pathology - it is understood that the development of varicose veins is not provoked by a secondary factor, but precisely the characteristics of the body or heredity;
- The extreme stages of varicose veins, when conservative medicine is already powerless;
- the presence of trophic ulcerations on the lower extremities;
- violation of blood circulation of the vessels of the lower extremities, directly affecting the general condition of the patient;
- Sudden blockage of blood vessels (thrombophlebitis).
Contraindications
Despite the inefficiency of conservative therapy, operations are not used in all situations.
Contraindications to surgery for varicose veins:
- constant increase in blood pressure or tendency to this disease;
- severe infectious pathologies;
- severe heart diseases (recently suffered myocardial heart attacks, coronary disease);
- an age exceeding seventy years;
- Dermatological diseases of an inflammatory nature - eczema, psoriasis;
- Pregnancy (second half of the term).
In each individual case, the doctor phlebologist independently assesses the patient's condition and makes a decision on the appointment of a type of operation for varicose veins.
Types of Vienna
Surgical treatment of varicose veins of the lower extremities provides for several ways to influence the focus of the problem.
Flebectomy
The most common type of surgical intervention, which provides for the removal of varicose veins surgically.
This method involves the application of a small cut on the skin in the field of varicose expansion.After that, the affected area of the vein is completely removed.
The removal of veins on the legs in this way lasts about one hour, the patient is discharged from the hospital in one to two days.The effectiveness of the method reaches a sufficiently high percentage, however, with non -compliance with the doctor’s prescription, serious complications are possible.
Miniflebectomy
Miniflebectomy is a method for treating varicose veins, which implies punctures of the skin in the area of the lesion instead of cuts.The operation is carried out under local anesthesia in a day hospital.This means that after the end of medical manipulations, the patient goes home almost immediately.
Benefits of miniflebectomy:
- lack of need for general anesthesia;
- outpatient conditions;
- minimum number of contraindications;
- minimum injuries of the skin;
- Lack of rehabilitation period.
Miniflebectomy for varicose veins is often used as an auxiliary method or is used in combination with other types of operations.
Sclerotherapy
Sclerosis of veins on the legs - determination of a varicose area using an ultrasound examination.After that, a special solution is introduced into the affected vein, which glues varicose veins, preventing blood flow.Thanks to the operation, blood supply to the lower extremities is restored, and trophic ulcers are gradually healing.
There are 2 methods of sclerotherapy:
- Echosclerotherapy- The operation is used for the diameter of the varicose vein of more than one centimeter.This method is based on the examination of the problem area and the subsequent entry of a special substance.It narrows the lumen of the vessel, restoring the bloodstream.
- The use of foam- The most safe and effective type of surgical intervention, which provides for the introduction of a special foaming substance into a varicose vein.The lumen of the vessel completely overlaps, saving the patient from pathological manifestations.
Sclerotherapy for varicose veins is used in a complex form.
Removing veins with a laser
Removing varicose veins with a laser is the most modern, technological and safe method of impact on varicose areas.The principle of the operation is based on the puncture of the skin in the field of varicose vein lesions and the introduction of a laser light inward.The beam dissolves the varicose vein area without consequences for the patient's body.
Laser coagulation is a type of laser operation, the action of which leads to the soldering of varicose veins, blocking the bloodstream.
Rh
RFA of the veins of the lower extremities - radio frequency obstration.The principle of the operation is based on the puncture of the area of the skin with the subsequent introduction of the ultrasound sensor.It radiates special microwaves that affect varicose veins, leading to their coagulation.The positive side of the operation is the possibility of dosing waves, thereby regulating the process of gluing veins.
Preparation
Surgical treatment of varicose veins, regardless of the method, is a sufficiently serious manipulation, which provides for an extensive preparatory phase:
- Inspection and consultation by the surgeon.
- Ultrasound for varicose veins is a mandatory diagnostic method that allows you to determine varicose areas.
- General test of blood and urine.
- Biochemical blood test.
- Blood coagulation indicators.
- ECG.
- X -ray of the chest.
- Control of blood pressure.
On the eve of the operation, it is necessary to limit yourself to a mild meal, and in the morning to appear in a medical institution on an empty stomach.In order for anesthesia to not harm the body, it is necessary to provide information about allergies and possible drugs to which such a reaction may appear in advance.
Postoperative period
The postoperative period after the removal of varicose veins on the legs proceeds smoothly and in most cases without complications.Specific recommendations depend on the type of operation.For example, if after a phlebectomy, the patient needs 2-3 days for recovery, then after the laser removal of varicose veins, he returns home on the day of the operation.
Those patients who need a sick leave, the document is issued for a period that provides for the possibility of going to work depending on the type of activity.If the profession is not associated with physical exertion and long-term finding a person on the legs during the day, the sick leave is issued for a period of 5-7 days.Otherwise, a certificate of incapacity for work may have a period of up to 2-3 weeks.In each individual case, the doctor makes a decision based on the indicators of the postoperative period.
Registration prevention
The operation for the treatment of varicose veins provides for a set of preventive measures:
- The first days after the operation to remove varicose veins, you need to use elastic bandages in the field of punctures or incisions;
- use compression linen - stockings, golfs;
- After the operation, limit the rise in any weights, and within six months - in a volume of not more than 10 kg;
- limit sports to small runs, walks, swimming;
- monitor excess weight;
- In time, undergoing drug therapy courses aimed at restoring the tone of the veins and the exclusion of the formation of varicose veins;
- timely examinations at the doctor;
- reduce the use of coffee and tea;
- do your legs gymnastics;
- use free shoes;
- More often to be in the fresh air and lead a healthy lifestyle.
In the first days after the operation to remove varicose veins, it is necessary to exclude the use of hot baths, heavy physical exertion, including driving a car, as well as limit smoking and drinking alcoholic beverages.
The cost of surgical intervention
The price of the operation of varicose veins depends on many nuances.This includes both the doctor’s examination and the complex of additional examinations, which cannot be dispensed with.
As a rule, when the examination is undergoing in the same clinic where the operation is planned, the cost of services will be lower if the manipulations were carried out in different places.
Asking which operation is more effective, in this case you can safely focus on prices.Despite the fact that the laser removal of varicose veins is the most expensive method, it is most effective, painless and does not provide for relapses.